Electrical Calculator

The tool provides electrical calculations for engineers, technicians, and students when analyzing voltage, current, resistance, and impedance in DC and AC circuits. It supports series and parallel configurations and returns precise numerical results to speed design checks, validation, and learning. Users specify component values and supply signals to verify circuit behavior or compare alternatives without manual arithmetic.

Core conceptual support includes Ohm's law and impedance analysis. For DC, V=IZ and I=V/R apply; for AC, Z = R + jX with X = X_L − X_C, where X_L = 2πfL and X_C = 1/(2πfC). Series, Z_total = ΣZ_i; parallel, 1/Z_total = Σ(1/Z_i). Power relations follow P = VI cosφ, Q = VI sinφ, and S = VI, with phase φ derived from Z.

Inputs and outputs are designed to be explicit and traceable. Inputs include supply voltage, current, resistance, inductance, capacitance, frequency, and configuration indicators. Outputs provide |Z|, φ, I, component voltages and currents, P, Q, and S, formatted with fixed decimal precision to ease comparison and documentation.

Error handling covers invalid data, negative values, missing essential inputs, and non-physical configurations. In AC mode, zero frequency is rejected; the tool uses DC calculations when appropriate. Missing or inconsistent units trigger precise error signals. The goal is robust numeric results with clear validation while avoiding UI messages.